Electronic Shelf Labels (ESL) in retail are digital display systems used to replace traditional paper price tags on store shelves. These labels utilize digital technology such as e-ink or LCD to dynamically showcase product information, prices, and promotions. ESL systems are often connected to a central management system, allowing retailers to update pricing and product details in real-time across the entire store. This technology improves pricing accuracy, reduces labor costs associated with manual price changes, and enables retailers to implement dynamic pricing strategies. ESLs enhance the overall efficiency of retail operations and contribute to a more seamless and responsive shopping experience for customers.